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State of Jharkhand is mainly a plateau and most of the land is covered by dense forest. Jharkhand consists of 40% of the schedule population out of which 28% percent is scheduled tribes and 12% is scheduled caste. Majority of the Tribal group still lives in the forest land or in the remote areas with open land and forest near to them. Being a plateau it has many hard to reach areas and inaccessible localities. Poor infrastructure has added more burden to it. Lack of proper maintenance and management of the Government healthcare facilities has depilated the situation of healthcare delivery services. Moreover Health seeking behavior of the Tribal people of Jharkhand is somewhat different from other habitant; these groups usually have no proper accessibility to health facilities as communities reside in clusters in the far-flung areas. Mainly the rural communities are ridden with poverty therefore; people usually do not prioritize health or seek health. Far-flung areas in the state of Jharkhand are unaware about health infrastructure and facilities provided by the department of health and family welfare. Therefore, we can conclude that the overall health seeking behavior and accessibility of the healthcare facilities of the state is very poor. State of Jharkhand is in process of creating a vast public health infrastructure of Sub-centres, Public Health Centres (PHCs) and Community Health Centres (CHCs). There is also a large cadre of health care providers (Auxiliary Nurse Midwives, Male Health workers, Lady Health Visitors and Health Assistant Male). Yet, this vast infrastructure is able to cater to only 20% of the population, while 80% of healthcare needs are still being provided by the private sector (1). Rural India is suffering from a long-standing healthcare problem. Studies have shown that only one trained healthcare provider including a doctor with any degree is available per every 16 villages. Although, more than 70% of its population lives in rural areas, but only 20% of the total hospital beds are located in rural area. Most of the health problems that people suffer in the rural community are preventable and easily treatable. In view of the above issues, the Mobile health Units can ensure health care services to the last person of the last village. This project is designed to cater to the health and unmet needs of rural communities of Jharkhand with special focus on those residing in unserved, underserved and hard to reach areas. The project aims to improve the availability of and access to quality health care services. National Health Mission (NHM) initiated the project with 24 MMU (Mobile Medical Unit) in 2008-09, based on the success full experience the department had scaled up to 66 MMU (24 + 42 MMUs), and in FY 11-12 it has proposed to provide 37 more MMUs to the NGOs in order to cater hard to reach, unserved , underserved area.
Services :
MMU will be operational six days a week and will conduct all the duties as mentioned
below :
- All OPD services
- Blood and urine, X-ray, ECG, Malaria test.– ensuring that there is no contravention of the PCPNDT Act,
- General physician consultation, obstetric and gynecological consultation, ANC checkups,
- Family planning services including IUCD insertion and RTI/STI diagnosis and treatment
- Immunization of children including Vitamin A supplementation with measles
- Treatment of minor ailments and minor injuries including supply of drugs to patients.
- Prophylaxis and treatment of Anaemia with IFA Tablets.
- IEC and counselling.
- Provide appropriate referral services to malnourish children, delivery cases, TB cases, leprosy cases.
- Will cooperate in all the Service related to various public health programmes.
- Activity plan, approved by the Concerned Deputy Commissioner / Civil Surgeon of the area of operation with a copy being sent to District Health Society and JRHMS, should be strictly followed.
- The van will be operated on a predetermined route plan on regular basis every month. The tour /camp plan detail need to be submitted to the DC/CS and Block Medical Officers at least 15 days in advance.
- MMU to have minimum number for staff as given below, there has been slight change in the number of staff from the earlier agreement to ensure that the medical staff is always available in the MMU.